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    What is a delay relay?

    2022-10-11 16:46:53News

    What is a delay relay?

    Time relays are very important components in electrical control systems. In many control systems, time relays are used to implement delay control. A time relay is an automatic control appliance that uses the principle of electromagnetic or mechanical action to delay the closing or opening of contacts. Its characteristic is that there is a certain delay from the signal obtained from the pull-in coil to the contact action. The time relay is generally used to control the motor starting process with time function.

    As mentioned above, the main function of a retarder is to act as an actuator in simple program control. When it receives the start signal, it starts timing. After the timing is over, its working contacts are turned on or off to facilitate subsequent circuit work. Generally speaking, the delay performance of the time relay can be adjusted within the design range to facilitate the adjustment of its delay time. Also, time relays alone may not be accessible. After being off for a while, it will turn on again. This is a time-delayed off and on cycle. However, it can be achieved by configuring a certain number of time relays and intermediate relays.

    How the time delay relay works

    Time relays are widely used in remote control, telecommunication, automatic control and other electronic equipment, and are one of the most important control components. When the coil is energized, the armature and the support plate are attracted by the iron core and move down instantaneously, making the action contact closed or disconnected. But the piston rod and lever cannot fall at the same time as the armature, because the upper end of the piston rod is connected to the rubber membrane in the air chamber.

    When the piston rod begins to move downward under the action of the release spring, the rubber membrane is recessed downward. The air in the air chamber is thinned and the piston rod is damped and lowered slowly. After a certain time, the piston rod drops to a certain position, and then pushes the delayed contact action through the lever to make the moving contact open and close. The time from when the coil is energized to when the delay contact completes the action is the delay time of the relay. The length of the delay time can be changed by adjusting the size of the air inlet hole of the air chamber by the screw. After the suction coil is de-energized, the relay relies on the spring to recover. And the air is quickly discharged through the air outlet.

    time relay structure

    Time relay parameters

    Technical parameters include rated voltage, contact operating current, contact type and quantity, delay time, accuracy, ambient temperature, mechanical life and electrical life, etc. Now take SJ23 series air type time relay as an example, its technical parameters are as follows:

    1) Rated control capacity: AC300VA, DC60W (30W delay contact assembly).

    2) Rated voltage level: AC380V, 220V; DC220V, 110V.

    3) Coil rated voltage: AC110V, 220V, 380V.

    4) Maximum working current of contacts: 0.79A at AC380V, 0.27A (instantaneous) and 0.14A (delayed) at DC220V.

    5) Delay repetition error: ≤9%.

    6) Thermal pull-in voltage: no more than 85% of the rated voltage of the relay. In the cold state, when the voltage drops from the rated value to 10% of the rated value, it can trip reliably. And it trips reliably after reaching 110% of the rated voltage.

    7) The mechanical life is not less than 1 million times, and the electrical life is 1 million times (the DC life of the delay contact element is 500,000 times).

     Four-type time relay contacts

    time relay symbol

    Figure 2. Time Relay Symbol

    NOTC (normally open, timed close): When the coil is not energized, the NOTC contact is normally open. It is turned off by energizing the relay coil, but only for a specified time after the coil is continuously energized. The contacts move in the same direction as standard normally open contacts (closed or open). Since the delay occurs in the direction the coil is energized, this type of contact is normally open and delayed on. NOTO (normally open, timed open): Unlike NOTC contacts, a timed action occurs when the coil is de-energized. This type of contact is normally open and open delayed due to the delay that occurs when the coil is de-energized.

    NCTO (normally closed, timed open): When the coil is not energized, the NCTO contact is normally closed. By energizing the relay coil, the contacts open, but only for a specified time after the coil is continuously energized. Direction of movement of the contacts (closed or open)

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