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    temperature controller overview

    2022-08-15 16:20:03News

    What is a temperature controller and how does it work?


    A : A temperature controller is a device used to control the temperature. It first measures the temperature (the process variable) and then compares it to the desired value (the setpoint). The difference between these values is called Deviation. The temperature controller uses this error to decide how much heating or cooling is required to bring the process temperature back to the desired value. Once this calculation is complete, the controller will generate an output signal that affects the desired change. This output signal is called (manipulated value) and is usually connected to a heater, control valve, fan, or some other "final control element" that actually injects or removes heat from the process.


    Temperature Controller Features


    The controller can also have many additional optional features. One of them is the ability to communicate. A communication link allows the controller to communicate with a PLC or computer. This allows data exchange between the controller and the host. An example of a typical data exchange is a host or PLC reading a process value.

    The second option is Remote Setpoint. This feature allows a remote device, such as a PLC or computer, to change controller setpoints. However, unlike the communication capabilities mentioned above, the remote setpoint input uses a linear analog input signal proportional to the setpoint value. This provides the operator with greater flexibility by being able to change the set point from a remote location. A typical signal might be 4–20mA or 0–10VDC.

    Another common feature provided by controllers is the ability to configure them using special software on a PC connected via a communication link. This allows for quick and easy configuration of the controller, with the option to save the configuration for future use.

    Another common feature is the digital input. Digital inputs can work with remote setpoints to select local or remote setpoints for the controller. It can also be used to select between Setpoint 1 and Setpoint 2 programmed in the controller. A digital input can also remotely reset a restricting device if it enters a restrictive condition.

    Other optional features include transmitter power for powering 4–20mA sensors. This power supply is used to provide a maximum of 40mA of 24VDC power.

    In some applications, a two-color display may also be a desirable feature to easily identify different controller states. Some products also have displays that can change from red to green or vice versa based on pre-programmed conditions, such as indicating an alarm condition. In this case, the green display may not show any alerts, but if an alert occurs, the display will turn red.


    Temperature Controller Application


    Industrial temperature controllers work in much the same way as they do in common household applications. Basic temperature controllers provide control of industrial or laboratory heating and cooling processes. In a typical application, the sensor measures the actual temperature. This sensed temperature is continuously compared to a user set point. When the actual temperature deviates from the set value, the controller generates an output signal to activate other temperature regulating devices, such as heating elements or refrigeration components, to bring the temperature back to the set value.


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